trcks.oop.Wrapper
Bases: BaseWrapper[_T_co]
Type-safe and immutable wrapper for arbitrary objects.
The wrapped object can be accessed via the attribute trcks.oop.Wrapper.core.
The trcks.oop.Wrapper.map* methods allow method chaining.
The trcks.oop.Wrapper.tap* methods allow for side effects
without changing the wrapped object.
Example
The string "Hello" is wrapped and manipulated in the following example.
Finally, the result is unwrapped:
>>> wrapper = (
... Wrapper(core="Hello")
... .map(len)
... .tap(lambda n: print(f"Received {n}."))
... .map(lambda n: f"Length: {n}")
... )
Received 5.
>>> wrapper
Wrapper(core='Length: 5')
>>> wrapper.core
'Length: 5'
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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construct(value)
staticmethod
Alias for the default constructor.
Parameters:
-
value(_T) –The object to be wrapped.
Returns:
-
Wrapper[_T]–A new trcks.oop.Wrapper instance with the wrapped object.
Example
>>> Wrapper.construct(5)
Wrapper(core=5)
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map(f)
Apply a synchronous function to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], _T]) –The synchronous function to be applied.
Returns:
-
Wrapper[_T]–A new trcks.oop.Wrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> Wrapper.construct(5).map(lambda n: f"The number is {n}.")
Wrapper(core='The number is 5.')
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_awaitable(f)
Apply an asynchronous function to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
Returns:
-
AwaitableWrapper[_T]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def stringify_slowly(o: object) -> str:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... return str(o)
...
>>> awaitable_wrapper = Wrapper.construct(3.14).map_to_awaitable(
... stringify_slowly
... )
>>> awaitable_wrapper
AwaitableWrapper(core=<coroutine object stringify_slowly at 0x...>)
>>> asyncio.run(awaitable_wrapper.core_as_coroutine)
'3.14'
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_awaitable_iterable(f)
Apply an asynchronous function returning a collections.abc.Iterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], AwaitableIterable[_T]]) –The asynchronous function to be applied, returning a collections.abc.Iterable.
Returns:
-
AwaitableTupleWrapper[_T]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableTupleWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def slowly_duplicate(n: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... return n, n
...
>>> async def main() -> tuple[int, ...]:
... awaitable_tuple_wrapper = (
... Wrapper.construct(7).map_to_awaitable_iterable(slowly_duplicate)
... )
... result_tuple = await awaitable_tuple_wrapper.core
... assert len(result_tuple) == 2
... return result_tuple
...
>>> asyncio.run(main())
(7, 7)
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_awaitable_result(f)
Apply an asynchronous function with return type trcks.Result to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], AwaitableResult[_F, _S]]) –The asynchronous function to be applied.
Returns:
-
AwaitableResultWrapper[_F, _S]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableResultWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks import Result
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def slowly_assert_non_negative(
... x: float,
... ) -> Result[str, float]:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... if x < 0:
... return "failure", "negative value"
... return "success", x
...
>>> awaitable_result_wrapper = (
... Wrapper
... .construct(42.0)
... .map_to_awaitable_result(slowly_assert_non_negative)
... )
>>> awaitable_result_wrapper
AwaitableResultWrapper(core=<coroutine object ...>)
>>> asyncio.run(awaitable_result_wrapper.core_as_coroutine)
('success', 42.0)
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_awaitable_result_iterable(f)
Apply an asynchronous function with return type trcks.AwaitableResultIterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], AwaitableResultIterable[_F, _S]]) –The asynchronous function to be applied.
Returns:
-
AwaitableResultTupleWrapper[_F, _S]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableResultTupleWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks import AwaitableResultTuple
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def validate(x: float) -> AwaitableResultTuple[str, float]:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... if x < 0:
... return "failure", "negative value"
... return "success", (x, x * 2)
...
>>> wrapper = (
... Wrapper
... .construct(5.0)
... .map_to_awaitable_result_iterable(validate)
... )
>>> wrapper
AwaitableResultTupleWrapper(core=<coroutine object ...>)
>>> asyncio.run(wrapper.core_as_coroutine)
('success', (5.0, 10.0))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_awaitable_result_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.map_to_awaitable_result_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_awaitable_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.map_to_awaitable_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_iterable(f)
Apply a function returning an collections.abc.Iterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], Iterable[_T]]) –The function to be applied, returning a collections.abc.Iterable.
Returns:
-
TupleWrapper[_T]–A trcks.oop.TupleWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> def duplicate(n: int) -> tuple[int, int]:
... return n, n
...
>>> Wrapper.construct(3).map_to_iterable(duplicate)
TupleWrapper(core=(3, 3))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_result(f)
Apply a synchronous function with return type trcks.Result to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
Returns:
-
ResultWrapper[_F, _S]–A trcks.oop.ResultWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> Wrapper.construct(-1).map_to_result(
... lambda n: ("success", n)
... if n >= 0
... else ("failure", "negative value")
... )
ResultWrapper(core=('failure', 'negative value'))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_result_iterable(f)
Apply a synchronous function with return type trcks.ResultIterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], ResultIterable[_F, _S]]) –The synchronous function to be applied.
Returns:
-
ResultTupleWrapper[_F, _S]–A trcks.oop.ResultTupleWrapper instance with the result of the function application.
Example
>>> from trcks import ResultTuple
>>> Wrapper.construct(-1).map_to_result_iterable(
... lambda n: ("success", (n, n))
... if n >= 0
... else ("failure", "negative value")
... )
ResultTupleWrapper(core=('failure', 'negative value'))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_result_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.map_to_result_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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map_to_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.map_to_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap(f)
Apply a synchronous side effect to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
Returns:
-
Wrapper[_T_co]–A new trcks.oop.Wrapper instance with the original wrapped object, allowing for further method chaining.
Example
>>> wrapper = Wrapper.construct(5).tap(lambda n: print(f"Number: {n}"))
Number: 5
>>> wrapper
Wrapper(core=5)
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_awaitable(f)
Apply an asynchronous side effect to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
Returns:
-
AwaitableWrapper[_T_co]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableWrapper instance with the original wrapped object.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def write_to_disk(s: str) -> None:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... print(f"Wrote '{s}' to disk.")
...
>>> awaitable_wrapper = Wrapper.construct(
... "Hello, world!"
... ).tap_to_awaitable(write_to_disk)
>>> awaitable_wrapper
AwaitableWrapper(core=<coroutine object ...>)
>>> value = asyncio.run(awaitable_wrapper.core_as_coroutine)
Wrote 'Hello, world!' to disk.
>>> value
'Hello, world!'
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_awaitable_iterable(f)
Apply an asynchronous side effect returning a trcks.AwaitableIterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], AwaitableIterable[object]]) –The asynchronous side effect to be applied, returning a trcks.AwaitableIterable.
Returns:
-
AwaitableTupleWrapper[_T_co]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableTupleWrapper instance with the original wrapped object repeated once per item returned by the side effect.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def write_to_disk(n: int) -> tuple[str, str]:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... print(f"Wrote {n} to disk.")
... return "left", "right"
...
>>> awaitable_tuple_wrapper = Wrapper.construct(
... 3
... ).tap_to_awaitable_iterable(write_to_disk)
>>> asyncio.run(awaitable_tuple_wrapper.core_as_coroutine)
Wrote 3 to disk.
(3, 3)
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_awaitable_result(f)
Apply an asynchronous side effect with return type trcks.Result to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], AwaitableResult[_F, object]]) –The asynchronous side effect to be applied.
Returns:
-
AwaitableResultWrapper[_F, _T_co]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableResultWrapper instance with
- the returned trcks.Failure if the given side effect returns a trcks.Failure or
- a trcks.Success instance containing the original wrapped object if the given side effect returns a trcks.Success.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks import Result
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def write_to_disk(s: str, path: str) -> Result[str, None]:
... if path != "output.txt":
... return "failure", "write error"
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... print(f"Wrote '{s}' to file {path}.")
... return "success", None
...
>>> awaitable_result_wrapper_1 = Wrapper.construct(
... "Hello, world!"
... ).tap_to_awaitable_result(
... lambda s: write_to_disk(s, "destination.txt")
... )
>>> awaitable_result_wrapper_1
AwaitableResultWrapper(core=<coroutine object ...>)
>>> result_1 = asyncio.run(awaitable_result_wrapper_1.core_as_coroutine)
>>> result_1
('failure', 'write error')
>>> awaitable_result_wrapper_2 = Wrapper.construct(
... "Hello, world!"
... ).tap_to_awaitable_result(
... lambda s: write_to_disk(s, "output.txt")
... )
>>> awaitable_result_wrapper_2
AwaitableResultWrapper(core=<coroutine object ...>)
>>> result_2 = asyncio.run(awaitable_result_wrapper_2.core_as_coroutine)
Wrote 'Hello, world!' to file output.txt.
>>> result_2
('success', 'Hello, world!')
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_awaitable_result_iterable(f)
Apply an asynchronous side effect with return type trcks.AwaitableResultIterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], AwaitableResultIterable[_F, object]]) –The asynchronous side effect to be applied.
Returns:
-
AwaitableResultTupleWrapper[_F, _T_co]–A trcks.oop.AwaitableResultTupleWrapper instance with
- the returned trcks.Failure if the given side effect returns a trcks.Failure or
- the original wrapped object repeated once per element in the side effect output if the given side effect returns trcks.SuccessIterable.
Example
>>> import asyncio
>>> from trcks import AwaitableResultTuple
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> async def write_twice(
... s: str,
... ) -> AwaitableResultTuple[str, None]:
... await asyncio.sleep(0.001)
... print(f"Wrote '{s}' twice.")
... return "success", (None, None)
...
>>> wrapper = Wrapper.construct(
... "Hello, world!"
... ).tap_to_awaitable_result_iterable(write_twice)
>>> wrapper
AwaitableResultTupleWrapper(core=<coroutine object ...>)
>>> result = asyncio.run(wrapper.core_as_coroutine)
Wrote 'Hello, world!' twice.
>>> result
('success', ('Hello, world!', 'Hello, world!'))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_awaitable_result_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.tap_to_awaitable_result_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_awaitable_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.tap_to_awaitable_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_iterable(f)
Apply a side effect returning an collections.abc.Iterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], Iterable[object]]) –The side effect to be applied, returning an collections.abc.Iterable.
Returns:
-
TupleWrapper[_T_co]–A trcks.oop.TupleWrapper instance with the original wrapped object repeated once per item returned by the side effect.
Example
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> def write_to_disk(n: int) -> tuple[str, str]:
... print(f"Wrote {n} to disk.")
... return "left", "right"
...
>>> Wrapper.construct(3).tap_to_iterable(write_to_disk)
Wrote 3 to disk.
TupleWrapper(core=(3, 3))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_result(f)
Apply a synchronous side effect with return type trcks.Result to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
Returns:
-
ResultWrapper[_F, _T_co]–A trcks.oop.ResultWrapper instance with
- the returned trcks.Failure if the given side effect returns a trcks.Failure or
- a trcks.Success instance containing the original wrapped object if the given side effect returns a trcks.Success.
Example
>>> from trcks import Result
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> def print_positive_float(x: float) -> Result[str, None]:
... if x <= 0:
... return "failure", "not positive"
... return "success", print(f"Positive float: {x}")
...
>>> result_wrapper_1 = Wrapper.construct(-2.3).tap_to_result(
... print_positive_float
... )
>>> result_wrapper_1
ResultWrapper(core=('failure', 'not positive'))
>>> result_wrapper_2 = Wrapper.construct(3.5).tap_to_result(
... print_positive_float
... )
Positive float: 3.5
>>> result_wrapper_2
ResultWrapper(core=('success', 3.5))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_result_iterable(f)
Apply a synchronous side effect with return type trcks.ResultIterable to the wrapped object.
Parameters:
-
f(Callable[[_T_co], ResultIterable[_F, object]]) –The synchronous side effect to be applied.
Returns:
-
ResultTupleWrapper[_F, _T_co]–A trcks.oop.ResultTupleWrapper instance with
- the returned trcks.Failure if the given side effect returns a trcks.Failure or
- the original trcks.SuccessIterable element repeated once per element in the side effect output if the given side effect returns trcks.SuccessIterable.
Example
>>> from trcks import ResultTuple
>>> from trcks.oop import Wrapper
>>> def print_positive_float(x: float) -> ResultTuple[str, None]:
... if x <= 0:
... return "failure", "not positive"
... return (
... "success",
... (print(f"Positive float: {x}"), print(f"Positive float: {x}"))
... )
>>> result_tuple_wrapper_1 = Wrapper.construct(
... -2.3
... ).tap_to_result_iterable(print_positive_float)
>>> result_tuple_wrapper_1
ResultTupleWrapper(core=('failure', 'not positive'))
>>> result_tuple_wrapper_2 = Wrapper.construct(
... 3.5
... ).tap_to_result_iterable(print_positive_float)
Positive float: 3.5
Positive float: 3.5
>>> result_tuple_wrapper_2
ResultTupleWrapper(core=('success', (3.5, 3.5)))
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_result_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.tap_to_result_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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tap_to_tuple(f)
Deprecated alias for trcks.oop.Wrapper.tap_to_iterable.
Source code in src/trcks/oop/_wrapper.py
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